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Lord Moran

Brendan Gleeson as WSC. (Photo by Susan Allnutt for HBO.))

Bren­dan Glee­son as WSC. (Susan All­nutt for HBO)

“Into the Storm,” a tele­vi­sion drama broad­cast by the BBC and HBO, pro­duced by Rid­ley Scott, directed by Thad­deus O’Sullivan, with Bren­dan Glee­son as Win­ston Churchill and Janet McTeer as Clemen­tine Churchill. Screen­play by Hugh Whitemore.

Then out spake brave Hor­atius,
The Cap­tain of the Gate:
“To every man upon this earth
Death cometh soon or late.
And how can man die bet­ter
Than fac­ing fear­ful odds,
For the ashes of his fathers,
And the tem­ples of his gods…”

—“Hor­atius,” stanza XXVII in Lays of Ancient Rome, by Thomas Bab­bing­ton Macaulay. Recited at the begin­ning and at the end of “Into the Storm.”

Here is a TV docu­d­rama pack­ing excep­tional hon­esty. An old man, at an age when most men retire (or in his time die), is handed com­mand of his nation, when no one else wants it, in the great­est cri­sis of her his­tory. They fight alone, save for their kith and kin, “the old lion and her lion cubs,” as he put it, “against hunters who are armed with deadly weapons.” And they win—only to see the old man dis­missed in the moment of victory.

The open­ing scene is Hen­daye, France, July 1945, where Churchill, his wife and daugh­ter Mary spend a week’s break between polling-day in the British Gen­eral Elec­tion and the start of the Pots­dam Con­fer­ence. Anx­ious for elec­tion returns (delayed for a fort­night to count the ser­vice vote) Churchill relives the past five years in a series of flash­backs. This is the film’s one jar­ring ele­ment: the back-and-forth occurs with­out obvi­ous tran­si­tion, and you have to remind your­self whether you are in the past or present. It is the only fault worth not­ing. The story is mas­sive, the action real, the his­tory hon­est, the dia­logue con­vinc­ing, the scenes art­ful, the act­ing superb.

Bren­dan Glee­son, who in life speaks with a heavy Irish brogue, is the best Churchill since Robert Hardy. He falls into none of the usual traps. Most Churchill imper­son­ators overdo the accent or the famous lisp, the V-sign or toi­let scenes or siren suits, the car­i­ca­tures painted by Lord Moran or Alan­brooke. Gleeson’s work was praised by WSC’s daugh­ter Lady Soames, the sternest of critics.

Hugh White­more, the sen­si­tive scriptwriter of Scott’s pre­ced­ing film, “The Gath­er­ing Storm,” has again helped by not load­ing the dia­logue with soar­ing rhetoric. “Papa spoke in pri­vate,” his daugh­ter says, “much as he did in pub­lic.” And here is the pri­vate Churchill, with doubts about win­ning, fears of the future, and faults of his own—for he was as human as any­one, freely admit­ted it, and often apol­o­gized for it, espe­cially to his wife.

Sev­eral quotes, though real enough, are taken out of time or con­text, but White­more blends them flaw­lessly into the story, and the stu­dent of Churchill’s words doesn’t mind. Sev­eral scenes—the famous “naked encounter” with Roo­sevelt is one—didn’t hap­pen that way, but are so seam­lessly inte­grated and well acted as to make them believ­able and accept­able. Churchill’s habits—like the manda­tory siesta which enabled him to work into the wee hours—are deftly con­veyed in a line of dia­logue. There is no bend­ing of his­tory for the sake of drama. Only the advanced pedant can object to the film’s artis­tic license.

Yalta, 1954: Gleeson, Cariou, Patrenko (HBO).

Yalta, 1945: Glee­son, Car­iou, Patrenko (HBO).

Janet McTeer is no Vanessa Red­grave, the arche­typal Clemen­tine in “The Gath­er­ing Storm.” She doesn’t even look like Clem­mie, falling short of the char­ac­ter described by her daugh­ter Mary’s biog­ra­phy. Though she gives WSC good advice, she seems more of a neu­rotic scold than a pil­lar of strength. It doesn’t mat­ter because Glee­son, “throws him­self into the char­ac­ter and com­pletely owns him,” as Daniel Carl­son writes, “from the non­stop cig­ars to the famous cadence of his speeches. Glee­son is believ­ably tough but doesn’t make Churchill a war­mon­ger or bully; if any­thing, he’s bur­dened by the thought of the boys he has sent to die.”

Carl­son has his fin­ger on the out­stand­ing qual­ity of this film: its sen­si­tiv­ity to Churchill’s true per­sona. Despite many oppor­tu­ni­ties for igno­rant polit­i­cal posturing—the lev­el­ing of Ger­man cities, for example—Scott and White­more always have Churchill say­ing what he truly believed—culled in this case from My Early Life (1930): “War, which used to be cruel and mag­nif­i­cent, has now become cruel and squalid.”

”Into the Storm” packs less depth than “The Gath­er­ing Storm”—like the per­se­cu­tion of Ralph Wigram for send­ing WSC secret reports on Ger­man rear­ma­ment, and the brav­ery of his wife Ava dur­ing threats against their fam­ily. But too much is going on for side­bars. This is World War II, remem­ber: the French deba­cleDunkirk, the Bat­tle of Britain, the BlitzPearl Har­borSin­ga­pore, the fraught meet­ings with Roo­sevelt (Len Car­iou) and Stalin (Alexy Patrenko), the all-or-nothing assault on Nor­mandy. Lead­er­ship is the plot, sub-plot and side­bar.

Some Churchillians have asked why Rid­ley Scott couldn’t have stopped at Pearl Har­bor, and done a third film later; why there couldn’t be mul­ti­ple parts; why it wasn’t a Churchill ver­sion of “Lord of the Rings.” Indeed, I crit­i­cized “The Gath­er­ing Storm” for skip­ping over Neville Cham­ber­lain and Munich. But the best edi­tor I ever worked for said: “A bore is some­one who tells every­thing.” And we are not film­mak­ers. We have no idea what con­straints the pro­duc­ers labored under. We do know that Rid­ley Scott had ninety min­utes. And what he does to por­tray the real Win­ston Churchill is a work of genius. 

My endur­ing impres­sion of “Into the Storm” is of an old man, real­iz­ing after the most heroic chap­ter in his country’s his­tory that his­tory itself has passed him by, the Britain he loved van­ished before his eyes. “The palmy days of Queen Vic­to­ria and a set­tled world order,” as Churchill put it in 1947, are gone for­ever. The war is won, the coun­try lost in a Social­ist dream. Hardly, alas, unfa­mil­iar: a sig­nal mes­sage in 2009.

A lot of us who grew up in Churchill’s time feel the way Churchill does at the end of this film, as he reads a sym­pa­thetic post-election note from his old friend Jack Seely: “I feel our world slip­ping away.” Churchill thinks back: “I met him in South Africa, rid­ing across the veldt. He was Col. Seely then. I saw him at the head of a col­umn of British cav­alry, rid­ing twenty yards in front, on a black horse. I thought of him as the very sym­bol of Impe­r­ial power.”

Watch­ing this film, I had the odd sen­sa­tion that it was well Britain chose World War II for what John Charm­ley called “The End of Glory.” British power and faith, focused one last time by a leader steeped in his­tory and lan­guage, held the fort “till those who hith­erto had been half blind were half ready.” Bet­ter to go out in a flash of light than face the long decline that seems now to attend another super­power. “The proud Amer­i­can will go down into his slav­ery with­out a fight,” Pravda (aston­ish­ingly) declared, “beat­ing his chest and pro­claim­ing to the world how free he really is.” That will take years. For Britain the End of Glory came in months.

“Yes, I’ve worked very hard and achieved a great deal,” Churchill reflected at the end of his long life, “only to achieve noth­ing in the end.” A life that rose to the heights of fame, the hon­ors of the world show­ered upon him—for what? “I feel,” he said, “like an aero­plane at the end of its flight, in the dusk, with the petrol run­ning out, in search of a safe landing.”

Not only he.


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No, Sir Win­ston has not inter­rupted his first mil­lion years in heaven to com­ment on the U.S. Government’s “Fis­cal Stim­u­lus Pack­age.” And I’m not going to sug­gest what he would think of it—heaven for­bid. I’ve just sifted through Churchill by Him­self for applic­a­ble quo­ta­tions, rang­ing them in strict chrono­log­i­cal order. Draw your own conclusions:

“You may, by the arbi­trary and ster­ile act of Government—for, remem­ber, Gov­ern­ments cre­ate noth­ing and have noth­ing to give but what they have first taken away—you may put money in the pocket of one set of Eng­lish­men, but it will be money taken from the pock­ets of another set of Eng­lish­men, and the greater part will be spilled on the way.”  —WSC, BIRMINGHAM TOWN HALL, 11 NOVEMBER 1903 

“Where you find that State enter­prise is likely to be inef­fec­tive, then utilise pri­vate enter­prises, and do not grudge them their prof­its.”  —WSC, ST. ANDREW’S HALL, GLASGOW, 11 OCTOBER 1906 

“Every new admin­is­tra­tion, not exclud­ing our­selves, arrives in power with bright and benev­o­lent ideas of using pub­lic money to do good. The more fre­quent the changes of Gov­ern­ment, the more numer­ous are the bright ideas; and the more fre­quent the elec­tions, the more benev­o­lent they become.”  —WSC, HOUSE OF COMMONS, 11 APRIL 1927

“There are two ways in which a gigan­tic debt may be spread over new decades and future gen­er­a­tions. There is the right and healthy way; and there is the wrong and mor­bid way. The wrong way is to fail to make the utmost pro­vi­sion for amor­ti­sa­tion which pru­dence allows, to aggra­vate the bur­den of the debts by fresh bor­row­ings, to live from hand to mouth and from year to year, and to exclaim with Louis XV: ‘After me, the del­uge!’”  —WSC, HOUSE OF COMMONS, 11 APRIL 1927 

“Squandermania…is the pol­icy which used to be stig­ma­tised by the late Mr. Thomas Gib­son Bowles as the pol­icy of buy­ing a bis­cuit early in the morn­ing and walk­ing about all day look­ing for a dog to give it to.”  —WSC, House of Com­mons, 15 APRIL 1929

“Demo­c­ra­tic gov­ern­ments drift along the line of least resis­tance, tak­ing short views, pay­ing their way with sops and doles, and smooth­ing their path with pleasant-sounding plat­i­tudes. Never was there less con­ti­nu­ity or design in their affairs, and yet toward them are com­ing swiftly changes which will rev­o­lu­tion­ize for good or ill not only the whole eco­nomic struc­ture of the world but the social habits and moral out­look of every fam­ily.”  —WSC, “FIFTY YEARS HENCE,” STRAND MAGAZINE, DECEMBER 1931

“I do not think Amer­ica is going to smash. On the con­trary I believe that they will quite soon begin to recover. As a coun­try descends the lad­der of val­ues many griev­ances arise, bank­rupt­cies and so forth. But one must never for­get that at the same time all sorts of cor­rec­tives are being applied, and adjust­ments being made by mil­lions of peo­ple and thou­sands of firms. If the whole world except the United States sank under the ocean that com­mu­nity could get its liv­ing. They carved it out of the prairie and the forests. They are going to have a strong national resur­gence in the near future. There­fore I wish to buy sound low priced stocks. I can­not afford any oth­ers.”  —WSC TO HIS STOCKBROKER, H.C. VICKERS. 21 JUNE 1932

“Change is agree­able to the human mind, and gives sat­is­fac­tion, some­times short-lived, to ardent and anx­ious pub­lic opin­ion.”  —WSC, HOUSE OF COMMONS, 29 JULY 1941

“Noth­ing would be more dan­ger­ous than for peo­ple to feel cheated because they had been led to expect attrac­tive schemes which turn out to be eco­nom­i­cally impos­si­ble.”  —WSC TO FOREIGN SECRETARY, PAYMASTER GENERAL AND PRESIDENT OF THE BOARD OF TRADE, 17 DECEMBER 1942

I do not believe in look­ing about for some panacea or cure-all on which we should stake our credit and for­tunes try­ing to sell it like a patent med­i­cine to all and sundry. It is easy to win applause by talk­ing in an airy way about great new depar­tures in pol­icy, espe­cially if all detailed pro­pos­als are avoided.”  —WSC, BLACKPOOL, 5 OCTOBER 1946

“The idea that a nation can tax itself into pros­per­ity is one of the crud­est delu­sions which has ever fud­dled the human mind.”  —WSC, ROYAL ALBERT HALL, 21 APRIL 1948

“Social­ism is the phi­los­o­phy of fail­ure, the creed of igno­rance, and the gospel of envy.”   —WSC, PERTH, SCOTLAND, 28 MAY 1948

“The choice is between two ways of life: between indi­vid­ual lib­erty and State dom­i­na­tion; between con­cen­tra­tion of own­er­ship in the hands of the State and the exten­sion of own­er­ship over the widest num­ber of indi­vid­u­als; between the dead hand of monop­oly and the stim­u­lus of com­pe­ti­tion; between a pol­icy of increas­ing restraint and a pol­icy of lib­er­at­ing energy and inge­nu­ity; between a pol­icy of lev­el­ling down and a pol­icy of oppor­tu­nity for all to rise upwards from a basic stan­dard.”  —WSC, WOLVERHAMPTON, 23 JULY 1949

“In Amer­ica, when they elect a Pres­i­dent they want more than a skil­ful politi­cian. They are seek­ing a per­son­al­ity: some­thing that will make the Pres­i­dent a good sub­sti­tute for a monarch.”  —WSC  TO LORD MORAN, 19 MAY 1955

Churchill quo­ta­tions by kind per­mis­sion of the copy­right hold­ers and Cur­tis Brown Ltd., from Churchill by Him­self, Ebury Press and Pub­lic Affairs, 2008.

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